Applying Machine Strength Grading System to Round Timber Used in Hydraulic Engineering Works

Species independent strength grading of structural timber

Control of timber strength grading machines

Procedures for the control of timber strength grading machines have been established, including both machine control and output control. For the machine control so called control planks have been developed which enables a dynamic control of the whole grading system, i.e. the grading machine as well as infeed and outfeed equipment. Some generic control plank designs have been developed which may...

Combined Visual and Machine Strength Grading

The aim of this study was to show the possibility of the classification of structural timber (European spruce) into strength class C35 according to EN 338 by using combined visual and machine strength grading techniques. Three different visual machine strength grading combinations are devised for allocating sawn timber into strength class C35. They are composed on the one hand of the visual gra...

Why hydraulic tomography works?

Head measurements at a single observation well during a cross-hole pumping test carry a great amount of information about aquifer heterogeneity other than the average property of the aquifer as implied in Theis analysis of aquifer test. In this commentary, we use simple examples and a probabilistic reasoning approach based on Darcy’s law to unravel this information, buried in the results of qua...

Applying Metrics to Machine-Learning Tools: A Knowledge Engineering Approach

The field of knowledge engineering has been one of the most visible successes of artificial intelligence (AI) to date. Knowledge acquisition (KA) is the main bottleneck in the knowledge engineer's (KE) work. Machine learning (ML) tools have contributed positively to the process of trying to eliminate or open up this bottleneck. But how do we know whether the field is progressing? How can we est...